How to do long division for kids?

How to do long division for kids?

How to long division with remainder? How to divide a three digit number by a one digit number (e.g 416 ÷ 7)?

Dividing a three digit number by a one digit number (for example 416 ÷ 7) involves several steps.
Place the divisor before the division bracket and place the dividend (416) under it.
     
7)416
Examine the first digit of the dividend(4). It is smaller than 7 so can't be divided by 7 to produce a whole number. Next take the first two digits of the dividend (41) and determine how many 7's it contains. In this case 41 holds five sevens (5*7=35) but not six (6*7=42). Place the 5 above the division bracket.
   5 
7)416
Multiply the 5 by 7 and place the result (35) below the 41 of the dividend.
   5 
7)416
  35
Draw a line under the 35 and subtract it from 41 (41-35=6). Bring down the 6 from the 416 and place it to the right of the other 6.
   5 
7)416
  35
   66
Divide 66 by 7 and place that answer above the division bracket to the right of the five.
   59
7)416
  35
   66
Multiply the 9 of the quotient by the divisor (7) to get 63 and place this below the 66. Subtract 63 from 66 to give an answer of 3. The number 3 is called the remainder and indicates that there were three left over.
   59 R 3
7)416
  35
   66
   63
    3

How to long division without remainder? How to divide a three digit number by a one digit number (e.g 413 ÷ 7)?

Place the divisor before the division bracket and place the dividend (413) under it.


     
7)413

Examine the first digit of the dividend(4). It is smaller than 7 so it can't be divided by 7 to produce a whole number. Next take the first two digits of the dividend (41) and determine how many 7's it contains. In this case 41 holds five sevens (5*7=35) but not six (6*7=42). Place the 5 above the division bracket.


   5 
7)413

Multiply the 5 by 7 and place the result (35) below the 41 of the dividend.


   5 
7)413
  35

Draw a line under the 35 and subtract it from 41 (41-35=6). Bring down the 3 from the 413 and place it to the right of the 6.

Divide 63 by 7 and place that answer above the division bracket to the right of the five.

Multiply the 9 of the quotient by the divisor (7) to get 63 and place this below the 63 under the dividend. Subtract 63 from 63 to give an answer of 0. This indicates that there is nothing left over and 7 can be evenly divided into 413 to produce a quotient of 59.

How to do Long Division with Remainders?

When we are given a long division to do it will not always work out to a whole number. Sometimes there will be numbers left over. These are known as remainders. Taking an example similar to that on the Long Division page it becomes more clear: 435 ÷ 25. If you feel happy with the process on the Long Division

page you can skip the first bit.

	4 ÷ 25 = 0 remainder 4	The first number of the dividend is divided by the divisor.
		The whole number result is placed at the top. Any remainders are ignored at this point.
	25 × 0 = 0	The answer from the first operation is multiplied by the divisor. The result is placed under the number divided into.
	4 – 0 = 4	Now we take away the bottom number from the top number.
		Bring down the next number of the dividend.
	43 ÷ 25 = 1 remainder 18	Divide this number by the divisor.
		The whole number result is placed at the top. Any remainders are ignored at this point.
	25 × 1 = 25	The answer from the above operation is multiplied by the divisor. The result is placed under the last number divided into.
	43 – 25 = 18	Now we take away the bottom number from the top number.
		Bring down the next number of the dividend.
	185 ÷ 25 = 7 remainder 10	Divide this number by the divisor.
		The whole number result is placed at the top. Any remainders are ignored at this point.
	25 × 7 = 175	The answer from the above operation is multiplied by the divisor. The result is placed under the number divided into.
	185 – 175 = 10	Now we take away the bottom number from the top number.
		There is still 10 left over but no more numbers to bring down.
		With a long division with remainders the answer is expressed as 17 remainder 10 as shown in the diagram